Swedish Massage
MASSAGE AND THE SWEDISH MOVEMENTS
Manual treatment for disease has to a certain extent existed since the creation. Man had, by instinct,
acquired the art of manipulation long before nature yielded her secrets in medicine. This is still the
practice among many nations. In Sweden, even at the present time, certain manipulations are used among
the peasants for cramps, swellings, etc. The Swedes seem never to have lost the art -- but recently
revived in other countries.
Amiot and Dally speak of a perfect system of gymnastics among the Chinese three thousand years
before the Christian era. They maintained that gymnastics, by preventing stagnation, produced an even
and harmonious movement of the fluids in the human body, which is necessary to health. Not only did
they use gymnastics to preserve health, but they also had a thorough knowledge of their therapeutic
effects. From each of the natural positions they placed the body and limbs in certain derivative
Massage and the Original Swedish Movements positions, which modified the movement of the fluids and were, of course, important in different diseases.
The priests of Egypt used some manipulation in the form of kneading and friction for rheumatic
pains, neuralgias, and swellings.
The Hindoos, also, had some knowledge of their therapeutic importance; but the masses were soon
mystified by the priests, who by incantations and magical words, led them to believe they were invented
by the gods.
Even the Persians used a few movements for different affections.
The Greeks were the first to recognize gymnastics as an institution -- a fact of much importance to
the free states. Here they were auxillary to the development of the people both socially and politically.
The gymnasts were political, pedagogic, esthetic, and therapeutic. The philosophers and the physicians
recommended manual treatment. Plato even divided it into active and passive movements, and especially
recommended the latter. Some physicians practiced the movements themselves; but there arose a class of
people, called Pädotribes, some of whom acquired great skill in the manipulation of the human body.
Although the Romans imitated the Greeks to some extent, they rather preferred calisthenics; yet the
manual method was more extensively practiced in Rome under the emperors than it had hitherto been by
any other nation.
Thus we see that among the ancients the most common movements were a few passive
manipulations, while in the Middle Ages the gymnastics of an earlier period were more or less forgotten.
In the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries well-known physicians recommended gymnastics. Fuller and
Tissot wished to combine the movements with the study of medicine. In the early part of the last century
a therapeutic system of gymnastics acquired a reputation heretofore unknown, in movements based upon
a certain action between operator and patient.
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